交替传译的实用技巧有什么？

  现在有很多的会议、新闻发布会都是交替传译，对医院的要求非常高，下面上海臻云人工翻译机构给大家分享交替传译的实用技巧有什么?

  Now there are many meetings and press conferences that are consecutive interpretation, which requires a high level of hospitals. What are the practical skills of consecutive interpretation shared by Shanghai Zhenyun artificial translation agency?

  1、平时的大量练习

  1. A lot of practice

  口译练习，说得直白一点是天天练习，最好一天都不要拉下。让练习成为生活内容的一部分，还愁成不了好的口译员嘛?有条件的，可采取两人一组的方式，一人充当讲话者，另一人担任翻译。一个人练习可采用视译的方法，看报读书时，将某些段落作成笔记，随后口译出来。

  Speaking frankly, interpreting practice is a daily practice. It's better not to let it go all day. Can't practice be a good interpreter when it's a part of life? If conditions permit, a group of two persons may be employed, one acting as the speaker and the other acting as the translator. One can use the method of visual translation to practice. When reading newspapers, one can take notes of some paragraphs and then interpret them.

  2、有效的笔记系统和高效的翻译技巧

  2. Effective note system and efficient translation skills

  口译的笔记和脑记的重点性不言面喻。需要强调的是，这里关联词的记录应得到特别重视，以确保翻译时，用一根线就能连起一串珠。

  The focus of notes and brain notes in interpretation is not metaphorical. It should be emphasized that the recording of Related words here should be given special attention to ensure that when translating, a string of beads can be connected with a single line.

  口译中，如果碰见那些特别古板、喜欢炫复杂句子的发言人，为了便于听众理解，也许尽量简化复杂的句子结构。所幸的是，大多数的发言人往往都是复杂与简单相叠加，这也就向口译员提供了一个很好的机会，也就是可以利用那些简单的句子，翻出一些花样来，可以把原本简单的句子装扮地复杂、花哨一点。这点小小的技巧并非为了投机取巧，而实在是从日常的交传经验中提炼出的一点体会。

  In interpretation, if you meet speakers who are very rigid and like to dazzle complex sentences, in order to facilitate the audience's understanding, you may try to simplify the complex sentence structure. Fortunately, most of the speakers are often complex and simple, which provides a good opportunity for the interpreters. That is to say, they can use those simple sentences to turn out some patterns and dress up the original simple sentences more complex and fancy. This little skill is not for opportunism, but it is a little experience extracted from the daily experience of cross communication.

  3、灵活的临场处理

  3. Flexible on-site processing

  关于这一方面，文章不少，大家可以自行查看。最主要的是做到翻译的声音一定要稳定自信，不然讲话人会紧张，会不讲完一个句子就停下来，这样反而更不好翻译。

  There are many articles about this. You can check them by yourself. The most important thing is to make sure that the voice of translation must be stable and confident, otherwise the speaker will be nervous and stop without finishing a sentence, which will make translation even worse.

  另外，再强调一点要注意的。在发言人与你商量是不是一句一句地说时，一定要果断地拒绝诱惑，并充满自信地告诉他，请他说完一个完整的意思再停下来。这样对两方面都好，发言人会很高兴自己能够完整表达一个意思，而交传译员也可以先总体后部分地传译发言。同时，这个办法还能赢得听众的赞叹和信任。据个人经验，听众判断交传水平高低的一个重要标准就是翻译的长度，如果译员能够在发言人讲话5分钟，甚至10分钟之后还能将发言主要内容翻出来，这在大多数听众眼里就是高水平的译员了。但实际上，我们都知道，不管多长时间的发言，只要一段话是围绕一个中心话题展开的，那么对我们口译员来说，就是一个完整的意义单位，不管是2、3分钟，还是8、9分钟都不会产生太大问题。经验丰富的译员都可以通过笔记记录和读取将原文的主要内容一五一十地传达出来。

  In addition, we should pay attention to one more point. When the spokesman discusses with you whether to say it sentence by sentence, he must resolutely refuse the temptation, and confidently tell him to finish a complete meaning and then stop. In this way, it is good for both sides. The speaker will be very happy to be able to express a complete meaning, and the interpreter can interpret the speech as a whole and then as a part. At the same time, this method can also win the praise and trust of the audience. According to personal experience, an important criterion for the audience to judge the level of cross interpretation is the length of translation. If the interpreter can turn over the main content of the speech 5 minutes or even 10 minutes after the speaker speaks, it is a high-level interpreter in the eyes of most of the audience. But in fact, we all know that no matter how long a speech is delivered, as long as a paragraph is centered on a central topic, it is a complete meaning unit for our interpreters. No matter it is 2, 3 minutes, or 8, 9 minutes, it will not cause too much problem. Experienced translators can take notes and read the main content of the original text.

  4、心理素质的培养

  4. The cultivation of psychological quality

  开会之前的充分准备自然重要，但临场的发挥同样关键。与同传的工作状态相比，交传时尤其面对着更大的压力，听众期待的眼光有的时候就是一种莫名的心理压力。在这时候，一方面交传译员需要稳定心情，沉着应战，把握会场局面，而另一方面却又不能让自己的翻译显得过于保守、枯燥。这时候可能就需要一点点地技巧和经验来帮忙。

  It's important to prepare well before the meeting, but it's also important to play on the spot. Compared with the working state of simultaneous interpreting, the communication is particularly stressworthy, and the audience's expectation is sometimes a kind of inexplicable psychological pressure. At this time, on the one hand, the interpreter needs to keep a stable mood, face the challenge calmly, and grasp the situation of the venue; on the other hand, he cannot make his translation seem too conservative and boring. It may take a little skill and experience to help.

  另外，要提的一点是，大声朗读是一种不错的方法。还可练习在小型会议上发表自己的观点，同人交流。若能通过在一些比较正式的比赛、演出中登台以增强信心，锻练胆量，则更是良策了。

  What's more, reading aloud is a good way. You can also practice expressing your opinions and communicating with others in small meetings. If we can enhance our confidence and build up our courage by appearing on stage in some more formal competitions and performances, it will be even better.

  5、认真准备每次任务

  5. Prepare each task carefully

  对会谈要点、发布会口径、参观将会涉及的技术用语等都要尽可能充分地掌握，以便翻译时成竹在胸，游刃有余。

  The key points of the meeting, the caliber of the conference and the technical terms to be involved in the visit should be grasped as much as possible, so that the translation can be done easily.

  这其中尤为重要的是要记住那些特别的词汇。每次会议总会有特别的词汇，比如医学的会议，就会出现各种各样的病名、药名，而这些又往往都是很长很长的奇奇怪怪的词汇，所以尤其需要花点时间和精力去记忆。有一种说法是，口译员的最高境界是一场会议下来，全场的人都听懂了，达到了沟通交流的效果。

  It is particularly important to remember those special words. There are always special words in every meeting, such as medical meeting. There will be a variety of disease names and drug names, which are often very long and strange words, so it needs to take time and energy to remember them. There is a saying that the highest level of an interpreter is that after a meeting, the whole audience understands it and achieves the effect of communication.