口译员怎样练好发声?

  好的发声是专业口译员的必备技能之一，下面上海臻云翻译公司给大家分享口译员怎样练好发声?

  Good vocalization is one of the necessary skills for professional interpreters. Let's share with you how to practice vocalization?

  一、运用声音
  1、 Using sound

  译员表达时首先要吐字清晰、发音标准。译员对于听众而言就是一个发言者，要让听众听得清楚、便于理解。语音训练可以通过朗读、演讲和绕口令来进行。译员要及时发现自己的发音含糊、吐字不清等问题并作针对性的纠正。

  The interpreter should enunciate clearly and pronounce standard first. An interpreter is a speaker to the audience. He should make the audience hear clearly and understand easily. Voice training can be carried out by reading, speaking and tongue twisters. The translator should find out his / her pronunciation is ambiguous and his / her pronunciation is not clear in time and make targeted correction.

  译员声音还要洪亮，要学会用丹田发音，而不是用喉音。音质尽量柔和悦耳。译员保持足够的音量和合适的音质，既是自信的表现，又有利于克服紧张情绪。

  The interpreter's voice should be loud, and he should learn to use Dantian pronunciation instead of guttural sound. The sound quality should be as soft and pleasant as possible. Maintaining adequate volume and sound quality is not only a sign of self-confidence, but also a way to overcome tension.

  声音训练可以通过大量的朗读练习来进行。另一种练习形式是就同一份讲话材料，以快速、慢速和快慢交替的速度分别演讲。

  Voice training can be carried out through a large number of reading exercises. Another form of practice is to give speeches on the same speech materials at the speed of fast, slow and fast-slow alternation.

  这种练习主要是针对口译中发言者有时候会突然改变说话的速度，例如受时间的限制要提前结束发言等情况，译员也能做出相应的调整。译员练习时要做到音质音量始终如一，不能让听众感觉到太突兀的变化，即使速度变化也要保持声音平稳悦耳。

  This kind of practice is mainly aimed at the situation that speakers sometimes suddenly change their speaking speed, for example, they have to finish speaking in advance due to time constraints, and the interpreter can also make corresponding adjustments. When practicing, the interpreter should keep the sound quality and volume consistent, and not let the audience feel too abrupt changes. Even if the speed changes, the interpreter should keep the sound smooth and pleasant.

  译员在发声方面还应注意麦克风的使用。由于译员工作时大多通过麦克风传递声音，因此一定要注意合理控制发声，嘴巴与麦克风要保持一段距离，避免紧张的喘气声和其他附加声音通过麦克风传递出去，影响译文的表达。

  Interpreters should also pay attention to the use of microphones in the production of sound. Due to the fact that most of the interpreter's voice is transmitted through the microphone, it is necessary to pay attention to the reasonable control of the voice, keep a distance between the mouth and the microphone, so as to avoid the tense gasp and other additional voice transmitted through the microphone, which will affect the expression of the translation.

  二、把握节奏
  2、 Grasp the rhythm

  译员在表达时要做到节奏平稳、断句合理。适当的停顿能帮助听众更好地理解和把握说话人的意图，更积极地聆听演讲，所以译员在平时说话和口译时都要注意节奏的变化，合理地停顿。

  The interpreter should have a smooth rhythm and reasonable sentences. Proper pause can help the audience better understand and grasp the speaker's intention and listen to the speech more actively. Therefore, the interpreter should pay attention to the change of rhythm and pause reasonably when speaking and interpreting.

  这种能力可以通过朗读练习来培养，朗读时以意群为单位，注意断句的位置和停顿时间，并邀请同伴做听众，以检查自己朗读的效果，帮助发现问题。

  This kind of ability can be developed through reading practice. When reading, the unit is meaning group. Pay attention to the position of sentence break and pause time, and invite the peer to be the audience to check the effect of reading and help to find problems.

  三、调整语气
  3、 Adjusting tone

  语气是体现讲话者感情色彩最直接的信号。它包括质疑、感叹、愤怒、牢骚、释然、强调等。译员可以在平时练习中多看各种演讲的视频，揣摩说话人不同语气的运用，设想自己就是讲者，像演员一样重新演绎先前的讲话，做到神形相似。

  Mood is the most direct signal of the speaker's emotional color. It includes questioning, exclamation, anger, complaint, relief, emphasis, etc. The interpreter can watch more videos of various speeches in daily practice, figure out the use of different tone of the speaker, imagine that he is the speaker, and perform the previous speech like an actor, so as to achieve the similarity of spirit and form.

  另外，译员的语气要尽量与场合保持一致：如果翻译场合庄严肃穆，翻译时尽量不要过于诙谐和随意;相反如果是在非正式的场合，如果讲者的语气比较调侃，译员翻译时也应做到轻松幽默。

  In addition, the translator's tone should be consistent with the occasion as much as possible: if the translation occasion is solemn, try not to be too humorous and casual; on the contrary, if it is informal, if the speaker's tone is more joking, the translator should also be relaxed and humorous.