医学英文翻译的影响因素有哪几点？

  医学翻译的词汇量很大，而且句式很难懂，上海臻云翻译公司带大家了解医学英文翻译的影响因素有哪几点?

  Medical translation has a large vocabulary and difficult sentence patterns. What are the influencing factors of medical English translation?

  1、医学英文的翻译标准

  1. Translation standards of medical English

  翻译是按社会认知需要、在具有不同规则的符号系统之间所作的信息传递过程，是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思想内容准确而又完整地再现出来的语言活动。医学英文的翻译同样脱离不了翻译的这一本质，因此其翻译标准也同其他翻译实践一样应坚持忠实和通顺的原则，即一切医学英语译文都应包含原文的思想内容，表达上要准确、完整、科学和规范，译文不得有生硬晦涩、结构混乱以及文理不同的现象。

  Translation is a process of information transmission between symbol systems with different rules according to the needs of social cognition. It is a language activity that uses one language to accurately and completely reproduce the ideological content expressed in another language. Medical English translation is also inseparable from the essence of translation. Therefore, its translation standard, like other translation practices, should adhere to the principle of faithfulness and smoothness, that is, all medical English translations should contain the ideological content of the original text, and the expression should be accurate, complete, scientific and standardized. The translation should not have rigid and obscure, chaotic structure and different arts and Sciences.

  2、 医学英语翻译中词汇的特点及处理方法

  2. Characteristics and processing methods of vocabulary in medical English translation

  医学英语词汇的特点是具有很强的专业性，词的意义严格受到所搭配的词和语境的限制，因此，在对医学英语进行翻译的过程中，必须根据语境和词语之间搭配情况，对词义和词法做出相应的转变和处理，使译文文字通顺、得体、规范。

  Medical English vocabulary is characterized by strong professionalism, and the meaning of words is strictly limited by the matched words and context. Therefore, in the process of medical English translation, we must change and deal with the word meaning and morphology according to the context and collocation between words, so as to make the translated text smooth, appropriate and standardized.

  3、医学英语句型结构特点对翻译的影响

  3. The influence of sentence structure characteristics of medical English on Translation

  医学英语属于科技文体，主要表达医学科技的事实与概念，传递交流基础和临床医学的信息，要求结构严谨、逻辑严密、用词精确，表达准确，又由于医学文章以叙事推理为重，强调客观性，因而，医学英语句型结构表现出了多用长句、从句和被动句的形式特点。大量从句和被动句的使用使得医学英语的句子意义往往不能仅从其外形结构做出判断，从句中连词、关系词的连接、指代关系以及被动句中主语与谓语之间的表达方式都成为了影响医学英语翻译的重要因素。

  Medical English belongs to the style of science and technology, which mainly expresses the facts and concepts of medical science and technology and transmits the information of basic and clinical medicine. It requires rigorous structure, strict logic, accurate words and accurate expression. Because medical articles focus on narrative reasoning and emphasize objectivity, the sentence structure of medical English shows multi-purpose long sentences The formal characteristics of clauses and passive sentences. Due to the use of a large number of clauses and passive sentences, the sentence meaning of medical English can not be judged only from its shape and structure. The conjunction, the connection of relative words, the referential relationship in clauses and the expression between subject and predicate in passive sentences have become important factors affecting medical English translation.

  4、长句、难句对翻译的影响及处理

  4. The influence of long and difficult sentences on translation and its treatment

  医学英语的思想内容决定了其表现形式无法被简单的句子结构所容纳，必须借助长句、从句，有时甚至是较多的从句嵌套才能完成意义的构建。句子结构的复杂性给翻译理解带来了较多的障碍和困难，因为译者不仅要看懂句子的外形结构，还要能理解其深层结构的逻辑关系，才能准确地把握语义。

  The ideological content of medical English determines that its form of expression can not be accommodated by simple sentence structure. The construction of meaning can only be completed with the help of long sentences, clauses and sometimes even more nested clauses. The complexity of sentence structure brings more obstacles and difficulties to translation understanding, because translators should not only understand the shape and structure of sentences, but also understand the logical relationship of their deep structure in order to accurately grasp semantics.

  5、 结束语

  5. Conclusion

  医学英语作为一种科技文体，其遣词造句、语法结构等有着自身的特点和规律，语言文字的表达也具有较强的专业性，因而医学英语的翻译难度较普通英语大得多，译者不仅需要拥有扎实的英语基础知识，还要具备相关的医学背景知识。对于医科院校的学生来说，他们已具备了一定水平的医学知识，而受影响的主要是没能掌握好医学英语的语言特点。因此，本文仅从医学英语的词、句特点入手，就这两方面对翻译造成的影响进行了分析，并提出了相应的处理方法。

  As a scientific and technological style, medical English has its own characteristics and laws in word selection, sentence making and grammatical structure, and the expression of language is also highly professional. Therefore, the translation of medical English is much more difficult than ordinary English. The translator needs not only solid basic English knowledge, but also relevant medical background knowledge. For medical college students, they have a certain level of medical knowledge, and the main impact is that they fail to master the language characteristics of medical English. Therefore, starting with the characteristics of words and sentences in medical English, this paper analyzes the impact of these two aspects on translation, and puts forward the corresponding treatment methods.