现场口译需要掌握什么技巧?

  口译是现场进行翻译的，需要口译人员临危不乱的心态并且掌握大量的词汇和技巧，上海臻云翻译公司带大家了解现场口译需要掌握什么技巧?

  Interpretation is carried out on site, which requires interpreters to keep calm in the face of danger and master a large number of vocabulary and skills. Shanghai Zhenyun translation company will show you what skills need to be mastered in on-site interpretation?

  1、没听清、听漏了或者没听懂

  1. Missed, missed, or incomprehensible

  由于口译现场环境、讲话人语速、语音等因素，或者是由于译者在译前准备上有所疏漏、在现场一时疲惫分神的原因，就会出现这样的情况了。首先，你要分清楚这部分的内容是否足够重要、是否会影响对其他部分内容的理解，如果是次要内容，并不影响大局，可以省略不译或着直接采取模糊处理的办法。

  This situation will occur due to the on-site environment, speaker's speed, pronunciation and other factors, or due to the translator's negligence in pre translation preparation and temporary fatigue and distraction on the site. First of all, you should make clear whether the content of this part is important enough and whether it will affect the understanding of other parts. If it is a secondary content and does not affect the overall situation, you can omit the translation or directly adopt the method of fuzzy treatment.

  如果是关乎全文的关键性的内容，就必须要认真对待了，这时候你就需要一些口译技巧来帮忙了。在相对宽松的环境下，如果方便得体，最好立刻询问讲话人，或者请教现场的相关专家，不能硬着头皮往下进行翻译，造成误解，会影响会谈和交流;如果是非常正式的场合或者大会发言，只能先用比较中性或模糊的话过渡，然后集中注意力，恃机调整补救。

  If it is the key content of the full text, it must be taken seriously. At this time, you need some interpretation skills to help. In a relatively relaxed environment, if it is convenient and appropriate, it is best to ask the speaker immediately or consult relevant experts on the scene. You can't translate hard, causing misunderstanding and affecting the talks and exchanges; If it is a very formal occasion or speech at the general assembly, you can only use neutral or vague words for the transition first, and then focus on the opportunity to adjust and remedy.

  2、错译

  2. Mistranslation

  最优秀的译员在现场口译中也难免出错。认识到自己译错了以后，不要惊慌，也不要说“对不起，我译错了”或者I’m sorry. I made a mistake. 这样不仅会让听众产生理解混乱，还会损害译员和译文的可信度。好的口译技巧可以帮你顺利通过难关。这时的你可以重译，并且对正确的译文采取重音重复的办法，就象平时说话要强调某事一样。或者以解释的语气和方式，用I mean, … 或“就是说”、“确切地说”引出正确的译文。

  The best interpreters will inevitably make mistakes in on-site interpretation. When you realize that your translation is wrong, don't panic, and don't say "I'm sorry. I made a mistake" or I'm sorry. I made a mistake. This will not only confuse the audience, but also damage the credibility of the interpreter and the translation. Good interpretation skills can help you through the difficulties. At this time, you can retranslate and adopt the method of stress repetition for the correct translation, just as you should emphasize something in your usual speech. Or use I mean,... Or "that is to say", "to be exact" to lead to the correct translation in the tone and way of explanation.

  3、不会译

  3. Can't translate

  不会译是由于两种原因造成的，它的口译技巧也有两种。一是没听懂，此时可以按本文的第一种情况处理;二是听懂了，却一时找不到恰当的表达，此时可先直译，再按自己的理解进行解释，虽然译文难免生涩，原文韵味丧失殆尽，但不会造成误解，也不会影响交流的进程。口译中遇到习语、典故、诗词、幽默或专有名词时，如果没有充分的准备或事前不了解讲话内容，一时就很难在目标语言中找到对应的表达。此时要力争译出原文的大意，传达出讲话人的主旨，并且使交流顺利地进行下去，哪怕译文欠妥也无伤大雅。译专有名词时，如果拿不准，还可以在译文后重复原文，听众中的专业人士很可能立刻就清楚了。

  There are two reasons for not being able to translate, and there are also two kinds of interpretation skills. First, I don't understand. At this time, I can deal with it according to the first situation of this article; Second, if you understand it, but you can't find an appropriate expression for the moment. At this time, you can translate it directly and then explain it according to your own understanding. Although the translation is inevitably raw and the charm of the original text is lost, it will not cause misunderstanding or affect the process of communication. When idioms, allusions, poems, humor or proper nouns are encountered in interpretation, it is difficult to find corresponding expressions in the target language if they are not fully prepared or do not understand the speech content in advance. At this time, we should strive to translate the main idea of the original text, convey the keynote of the speaker, and make the communication go on smoothly, even if the translation is inappropriate. When translating proper nouns, if you are not sure, you can also repeat the original text after the translation, which is likely to be clear to the professionals in the audience immediately.

  4、讲话人说错

  4. The speaker is wrong

  口译中也可能遇到讲话人说错的情况，好的口译技巧可以让你避免尴尬。如果有违事实、史实或常识的错误，或者是讲话人口误，译员意识到了这个错误，并且能改正，应该在译文中予以纠正。如果译员怀疑讲话人说错，却又不能肯定，在方便的情况下，应向讲话人确认;在大型会议场合中，应按原文翻译。

  There may also be mistakes in interpretation. Good interpretation skills can help you avoid embarrassment. If there is an error contrary to facts, historical facts or common sense, or a speech error, the interpreter is aware of the error and can correct it, and should correct it in the translation. If the interpreter suspects that the speaker is wrong but is not sure, he should confirm with the speaker at his convenience; In large-scale meetings, the translation should be based on the original text.

  5、讲话人逻辑混乱

  5. The speaker's logic is confused

  口译常常译的是即席讲话或发言，而人们在即席口头表达中，由于思维和语言水平的限制，经常会出现不必要的重复、拖沓、语言模糊，或者断句、层次不清、逻辑关系混乱等现象，这给译员造成了很大困难，译员要有想到精妙的口译技巧来解决这个难题。要善于对原文进行梳理，分清逻辑层次，迅速抓住主次，对于啰嗦重复的部分，应删繁就简、同义合并;对于逻辑不清的部分，要尽量理出层次和头绪，并在译文中体现出来;对于断句或语意不完整的部分，应首先进行句法转换，并加以补充，力求完整，另外，如果下文接着说或继续相关内容，则应该在下文的翻译中，做到与此句相呼应，体现上下文的关联性和逻辑关系。

  Interpretation often translates impromptu speech or speech. In impromptu oral expression, due to the limitations of thinking and language level, people often have unnecessary repetition, procrastination, vague language, or broken sentences, unclear levels, chaotic logical relations and other phenomena, which makes it very difficult for translators. Translators should think of exquisite interpretation skills to solve this problem. We should be good at combing the original text, distinguish the logical level, quickly grasp the primary and secondary, and delete the complicated and simplify the repetitive parts and merge the synonyms; For the part with unclear logic, we should try to sort out the level and clue and reflect it in the translation; For the parts with broken sentences or incomplete semantics, syntactic transformation shall be carried out first and supplemented to strive for completeness. In addition, if the relevant content is continued or continued below, it shall echo with this sentence in the following translation to reflect the relevance and logical relationship of the context.

  6、讲话人语言不得体

  6. The speaker's language is inappropriate

  由于英汉两种语言的文化背景迥异，思维和表达方式上差异很大，双语交流时难免有文化的冲突，汉语中的一个问候译成英语可能就变成无理的冒犯;而英语的一句赞扬译成中文也许会令人尴尬。译员应掌握两种文化背景知识，提高敏感度，在讲话人言语不得体的时候，要灵活处理，或者略去不译、或者淡化、或者变通，避免误解，使交流能顺利进行，这也是最常用的口译技巧。

  Due to the different cultural backgrounds and different ways of thinking and expression between English and Chinese, it is inevitable that there will be cultural conflicts in bilingual communication. Translating a Chinese greeting into English may become an unreasonable offence; A sentence of praise in English may be embarrassing to translate into Chinese. Translators should master the knowledge of two cultural backgrounds and improve their sensitivity. When the speaker's speech is inappropriate, they should deal with it flexibly, or omit it, or dilute it, or be flexible to avoid misunderstanding and make the communication smooth. This is also the most commonly used interpretation skill.