SCI论文的翻译技巧有什么？

  为了让SCI论文顺利发表，科研工作者在翻译SCI论文时，一定要注意避免中式英语，下面上海臻云人工翻译机构给大家分享SCI论文的翻译技巧有什么?

  In order to make SCI papers published smoothly, researchers must pay attention to avoid Chinglish when translating SCI papers. What are the translation skills of SCI papers shared by Shanghai Zhenyun artificial translation agency?

  1、写作时态

  1. Writing tense

  英语谓语动词时态共有16种，在英文科技论文中用得较为频繁的主要有三种：即一般现在时、一般过去时和将来时。正确地使用动词时态是科研写作的基本功，我们在撰写英文论文时，如不能正确选用时态，常常会改变文章所要表达的意思，从而影响评审专家与读者的理解。

  There are 16 tenses of predicate verbs in English. There are three tenses that are frequently used in English scientific papers: the present tense, the past tense and the future tense. The correct use of verb tenses is the basic skill of scientific research writing. When we write English papers, if we can't choose the tenses correctly, we will often change the meaning of the article, thus affecting the understanding of the reviewers and readers.

  在科技论文中如何正确使用时态，首先应该把握以下三个基本要点：

  How to use tenses correctly in scientific papers should first grasp the following three basic points:

  1)一般现在时：主要用于不受时间限制的客观存在事实的描述，或发生或存在于写论文之时的感觉、状态、关系等的描述或致谢的表述等。值得注意的是，出于尊重，凡是他人已经发表的研究成果作为"previouslyestablishedknowledge"，在引述时普遍都用一般现在时。

  1) General present tense: it is mainly used to describe the objective existence fact without time limit, or to describe the feeling, state, relationship, etc. occurring or existing at the time of writing the paper, or to express gratitude, etc. It is worth noting that, out of respect, all published research results of others, as "previously established knowledge", are generally quoted in the ordinary present tense.

  2)一般过去时：用于写论文中作者自己所做工作的描述。

  2) General past tense: used to write a description of the author's own work in a paper.

  3)一般将来时：用于撰写论文之后发生的动作或存在的状态。例如提出下一步的研究方向。

  3) General future tense: used for actions or states of existence after writing a thesis. For example, the next research direction is proposed.

  2、写作语态

  2. Writing voice

  在科技论文摘要翻译中，最常采用的语态是被动语态。

  In the translation of abstracts of scientific papers, the most commonly used voice is passive voice.

  1)科技论文常常需要介绍客观的、不以人的意志为转移的研究过程、实验结果等方面内容。使用被动语态可以更好地突出科学研究的客观性。

  1) Scientific papers often need to introduce objective research process and experimental results which are not transferred by human will. The use of passive voice can better highlight the objectivity of scientific research.

  2)使用被动式也可避免提及动作的施动者，这样反而使研究动作有了更广泛的普遍性。

  2) The use of passive can also avoid mentioning the actor of the action, which makes the study of action more universal.

  3)由于被动语态的特殊结构，使其在句子结构调节方面有着更大的灵活性，有利于在添加短语结构、扩充句子信息的同时保持句式的平衡、工整。

  3) Due to the special structure of passive voice, it has more flexibility in the adjustment of sentence structure, which is conducive to adding phrase structure and expanding sentence information while maintaining the balance and neatness of sentence structure.

  3、SCI论文中最容易出现的用词

  3. The most frequently used words in SCI papers

  SCI论文并不要求写出的论文充满文采，关键还是要表述清楚作者的意思，让别人能看明白。SCI论文中常出现的用词包括动名词、动词、现在分词、不定冠词、代词及副词、介词等。所以，大面上用词与其他行文方式无较大差异。但是由于学术论文的学术性风格，论文中的用词是非常正式的。在行文过程中，非常避讳don’t、can’t及won’t等词。此外，很多作者由于中文写作习惯，往往出现andsoworth及andsoon等，这些词在写英文论文时是非常忌讳的。

  SCI papers do not require that the papers written be full of literary talent. The key is to express the author's meaning clearly so that others can see it. The common words used in SCI papers include gerund, verb, present participle, indefinite article, pronoun, adverb, preposition, etc. Therefore, there is no significant difference between words and other ways of writing. However, due to the academic style of academic papers, the use of words in papers is very formal. In the process of writing, don't, can't and won't are very taboo. In addition, due to the habit of writing in Chinese, many authors often use the words such as andsoworth and andsoon, which are taboo when writing English papers.

  4、英文标点符号

  4. English Punctuation

  中英文标点符号还是有一定区别的。比如，英文中肯定没有顿号，也没有书名号。相应的，英语中分割句子中的并列成分多用逗号。而书名及期刊名等多采用斜体的方式加以区分。再者，英文中的省略号是三个点(…)，如果省略号在句末加上句号则是四个点(….)，但这种情况不多(省略号与句号间需空格)。

  There are some differences between Chinese and English punctuation marks. For example, there must be no pause sign or book name in English. Correspondingly, in English, the paratactic components in the segmented sentences are usually comma. The titles of books and periodicals are usually distinguished in italics. Moreover, the ellipsis in English is three points (...) If an ellipsis is followed by a period at the end of a sentence, then four dots ( ), but this is not the case (spaces are required between ellipsis and period).

  逗号是最难掌握的标点符号类型，逗号使用不当会改变句子的意思。在表示重要的和非重要的信息时，请多留意逗号的用法。当你校对标点符号的使用时，要特别注意以下单词：that、which和who;此时应再次确认，此信息是重要信息还是是可以省略的多余信息。如果此信息是重要的，切勿使用逗号。如果此信息是附加的、不重要的，必须使用逗号。

  Comma is the most difficult type of punctuation. Improper use of comma will change the meaning of a sentence. When expressing important and unimportant information, pay more attention to the use of commas. When you proofread the use of punctuation, pay special attention to the following words: that, which and who; at this time, you should confirm again whether this information is important information or redundant information that can be omitted. If this information is important, do not use commas. If this information is additional and unimportant, a comma must be used.

  5、句子和段落上下连贯与逻辑

  5. Sentence and paragraph coherence and logic

  意义相关的句子一定要通过衔接词进行衔接，否则句子间就会显得孤立。衔接词是论文中用以说明上下句或前后两个句子意思间关系的词或词组。

  Meaning related sentences must be connected by cohesive words, otherwise the sentences will be isolated. Cohesive words are words or phrases used to explain the relationship between the meanings of the two sentences.